List • Japan: • (57.21%) • • • • International: • • • (89%) • (51%) • • • • • • (86.43%) • (50%) • • • • (25%) Website Toyota Motor Corporation (: トヨタ自動車株式会社,: Toyota Jidōsha, IPA:, English: ) is a Japanese manufacturer headquartered in, Japan. In 2017, Toyota's corporate structure consisted of 364,445 employees worldwide and, as of October 2016, was the. As of 2016, Toyota is the world's largest automotive manufacturer. Toyota was the world's first automobile manufacturer to produce more than 10 million vehicles per year which it has done since 2012, when it also reported the production of its 200-millionth vehicle. As of July 2014, Toyota was the largest listed company in Japan by (worth more than twice as much as #2-ranked ) and by revenue. Toyota is the world's market leader in sales of, and one of the largest companies to encourage the mass-market adoption of hybrid vehicles across the globe. Cumulative global sales of Toyota and Lexus hybrid passenger car models achieved the 10 million milestone in January 2017.

Its is the world's top selling hybrid with over 6 million units sold worldwide as of January 2017. The company was founded by in 1937, as a spinoff from company to create. Three years earlier, in 1934, while still a department of, it created its first product, the, and its first passenger car in 1936, the. Toyota Motor Corporation produces vehicles under five brands, including the Toyota brand,,,, and. It also holds a 16.66% stake in, a 5.9% stake in, as well as joint-ventures with two in China ( and ), one in India (), one in the Czech Republic (), along with several 'nonautomotive' companies. TMC is part of the, one of the largest conglomerates in Japan. Principal headquarters building of Toyota Toyota is headquartered in,.

The main headquarters of Toyota is located in a 4-storey building in Toyota. As of 2006, the head office has the 'Toyopet' Toyota logo and the words 'Toyota Motor'. The Toyota Technical Center, a 14-story building, and the Honsha plant, Toyota's second plant engaging in mass production and formerly named the Koromo plant, are adjacent to one another in a location near the headquarters. Vinod Jacob from described the main headquarters building as 'modest'. In 2013, company head Akio Toyoda reported that it had difficulties retaining foreign employees at the headquarters due to the lack of amenities in the city. Its Tokyo office is located in, Tokyo. Its Nagoya office is located in,.

In addition to manufacturing automobiles, Toyota provides through its, and also builds robots. Typical breakdown of sales by region Presidents of Toyota Motor Company: • (1937–1941) • (1941–1950) • (1950–1961) • (1961–1967) • (1967–1981) In 1981, Toyota Motor Co., Ltd. Announced plans to merge with its sales entity Toyota Motor Sales Co., Ltd.

Since 1950, the two entities had existed as separate companies as a prerequisite for reconstruction in postwar. Shoichiro Toyoda presided over Toyota Motor Sales in preparation for the consummation of the merger that occurred in 1982.

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Shoichiro then succeeded his uncle Eiji as the President of the combined organization that then became known as Toyota Motor Corporation. Presidents of Toyota Motor Corporation: • (1981) • (1982–1992) • (1992–1995) • (1995–1999) • (1999–2005) • (2005–2009) • (2009–present) Chairmen of Toyota Motor Corporation: • (1992–1999) • (1999–2006) • (2006–2013) • (2013–present) On June 14, 2013, Toyota Motor Corp. Announced the appointment of external board members; this was a first for the corporation and occurred following approval from general shareholders at a meeting on the same day. Additionally, Vice Chairman Takeshi Uchiyamada replaced Fujio Cho as chairman, as the latter became an honorary chairman while Toyoda remains in the post of President. Toyota is publicly traded on the,,,, and exchanges under company code:. In addition, Toyota is foreign-listed on the under: and on the under:. Toyota has been publicly traded in Japan since 1949 and internationally since 1999.

As reported on its consolidated financial statements, Toyota has 540 consolidated subsidiaries and 226 affiliates. House of Toyota founder Kiichiro Toyoda, near Toyota City In September 1936, the company ran a public competition to design a new logo. Of 27,000 entries, the winning entry was the three Japanese letters for 'Toyoda' in a circle. But, who had married into the family and was not born with that name, preferred 'Toyota' ( トヨタ) because it took eight brush strokes (a lucky number) to write in Japanese, was visually simpler (leaving off the at the end), and with a instead of a one (voiced consonants are considered to have a 'murky' or 'muddy' sound compared to voiceless consonants, which are 'clear'). Toyota at the Rally Dakar, 1992 1940s–1950s [ ] From September 1947, Toyota's small-sized vehicles were sold under the name 'Toyopet' (トヨペット). The first vehicle sold under this name was the, but it also included vehicles such as the light truck, light truck,,, and the.

The word ' was a nickname given to the Toyota SA due to its small size, as the result of a naming contest the Toyota Company organized in 1947. However, when Toyota eventually entered the American market in 1957 with the Crown, the name was not well received due to connotations of toys and pets.

The name was soon dropped for the American market, but continued in other markets until the mid-1960s. 1960s–1970s [ ] By the early 1960s, the US had begun placing stiff import tariffs on certain vehicles. The so-called ' of 1964 placed a 25% tax on imported. In response to the tariff, Toyota, and began building plants in the US by the early 1980s.

With over 40 million sold, the is one of the most popular and best selling cars in the world. Toyota received its first Japanese Quality Control Award at the start of the 1980s and began participating in a wide variety of. Due to the, consumers in the lucrative US market began turning to small cars with better fuel economy. American car manufacturers had considered small economy cars to be an entry-level product, and their small vehicles employed a low level of quality to keep the price low.

Conservative Toyota held on to designs for longer than most; while a clear first in overall production they were only third in production of front-wheel-drive cars in 1983, behind Nissan and Honda. In part due to this, Nissan's managed to squeeze by the Corolla in numbers built that year. In 1982, the Toyota Motor Company and Toyota Motor Sales merged into one company, the Toyota Motor Corporation. Two years later, Toyota entered into a joint venture with General Motors called the New United Motor Manufacturing, Inc,, operating an automobile-manufacturing plant in, California. The factory was an old General Motors plant that had been closed for two years. Toyota then started to establish new brands at the end of the 1980s, with the launch of their luxury division in 1989. 1990s [ ] In the 1990s, Toyota began to branch out from producing mostly compact cars by adding many larger and more luxurious vehicles to its lineup, including a full-sized pickup, the (and later the ), several lines of SUVs, a sport version of the, known as the, and the brand.

They would also launch newer and arguably more iconic iterations of their sports cars, namely the,, and during this era, all of which have already become icons of the 1990s. With a major presence in Europe, due to the success of, the corporation decided to set up Toyota Motor Europe Marketing and Engineering,, to help market vehicles in the continent. Two years later, Toyota set up a base in the United Kingdom,, as the company's cars had become very popular among British drivers. Bases in,, and were also set up.

In 1999, the company decided to list itself on the and. 2000s [ ] In 2001, Toyota's merged with two other banks to form, which was accused of corruption by Japan's government for making bad loans to alleged crime syndicates with executives accused of blocking Financial Service Agency inspections. The UFJ was listed among Fortune Magazine's largest money-losing corporations in the world, with Toyota's chairman serving as a director. At the time, the UFJ was one of the largest shareholders of Toyota.

As a result of Japan's banking crisis, UFJ merged with the Bank of Tokyo-Mitsubishi to become the. In 2002, Toyota managed to enter a works team and establish joint ventures with French motoring companies and a year after Toyota started producing cars in France. Toyota ranked eighth on list of the world's leading companies for the year 2005 but slid to 55 for 2011. The company was number one in global automobile sales for the first quarter of 2008. In 2007, Toyota released an update of its full-sized truck, the Tundra, produced in two American factories, one in Texas and one in Indiana. Motor Trend named the Tundra 'Truck of the Year', and the 2007 'Car of the Year' for 2007.

It also began the construction of two new factories, one to build the in Woodstock, Ontario, Canada, and the other to build the in Blue Springs, Mississippi, USA. This plant was originally intended to build the, but Toyota decided to use the plant in, instead. The company has also found recent success with its smaller models—the Corolla and Yaris. 2010s [ ] In 2011, Toyota, along with large parts of the Japanese automotive industry, suffered from a series of natural disasters. The led to a severe disruption of the supplier base and a drop in production and exports. Severe flooding during the 2011 season in affected Japanese automakers that had chosen Thailand as a production base. Toyota is estimated to have lost production of 150,000 units to the tsunami and production of 240,000 units to the floods.

On February 10, 2014, it was announced that Toyota would cease manufacturing vehicles and engines in Australia by the end of 2017. The decision was based on the unfavourable Australian dollar making exports not viable, the high cost of local manufacture and the high amount of competition in a relatively small local market. The company plans to consolidate its corporate functions in Melbourne by the end of 2017. The head office will remain in Port Melbourne and the Altona plant will be retained for other functions.

The workforce is expected to be reduced from 3,900 to 1,300. The automaker narrowly topped global sales for the first half of 2014, selling 5.1 million vehicles in the six months ending June 30, 2014, an increase of 3.8% on the same period the previous year., which recorded sales of 5.07 million vehicles, was close behind. In August 2014, Toyota announced it would be cutting its spare-parts prices in China by up to 35%. The company admitted the move was in response to a probe foreshadowed earlier in the month by China's of Toyota's Lexus spare-parts policies, as part of an industry-wide investigation into what the Chinese regulator considers exorbitantly high prices being charged by automakers for spare parts and after-sales servicing. In November 2015, the company announced that it would invest US$1 billion over the next 5 years into and robotics research. In 2016, Toyota invested in. In March 2016, Toyota partnered with to create a fibreglass pleasure boat using Yanmar outboard marine diesel engines or Toyota inboard engines.

Recalls [ ] 2009 [ ] From November 2009 through 2010, Toyota recalled more than 9 million cars and trucks worldwide in several, and briefly halted production and sales. Toyota initiated the recalls, the first two with the assistance of the U.S.

(NHTSA), after reports that several vehicles experienced. Main article: 2012 [ ] In October 2012, Toyota announced a recall of 7.43 million vehicles worldwide to fix malfunctioning power window switches, the largest recall since that of in 1996. The move came after a series of recalls between 2009 and 2011 in which it pulled back around 10 million cars amidst claims of faulty mechanics. In March 2014, Toyota agreed to pay a fine of US$1.2 billion for concealing information and misleading the public about the safety issues behind the recalls on Toyota and Lexus vehicles affected by unintended acceleration. 2014 [ ] In early November 2014, Toyota USA enlisted a recall involving defective inflaters and propellant devices that may deploy improperly in the event of a crash, shooting metal fragments into vehicle occupants. More than 7 million vehicles are potentially affected in the United States.

This recall only affects vehicles equipped with released after the year 2000 in North America. The airbags were manufactured by Takata automotive manufacturing. Toyota is offering a free repair to all affected vehicles worldwide. The fault in the Takata air bags also affected other North American automobile manufacturers. Logo and branding [ ]. Employee at Toyota Museum explains development of Toyota name and brand In 1936, Toyota entered the passenger car market with its Model AA and held a competition to establish a new logo emphasizing speed for its new product line. After receiving 27,000 entries, one was selected that additionally resulted in a change of its moniker to 'Toyota' from the family name 'Toyoda'.

The new name was believed to sound better, and its eight-stroke count in the Japanese language was associated with wealth and good fortune. The original logo is no longer found on its vehicles but remains the corporate emblem used in Japan.

Still, no guidelines existed for the use of the brand name, so 'TOYOTA', which was used throughout most of the world, led to inconsistencies in its worldwide marketing campaigns. To remedy this, Toyota introduced a new worldwide logo in October 1989 to commemorate the 50th year of the company, and to differentiate it from the newly released luxury Lexus brand. The logo made its debut on the 1989 Toyota Celsior and quickly gained worldwide recognition. The three ovals in the new logo combine to form the letter 'T', which stands for Toyota. The overlapping of the two perpendicular ovals inside the larger oval represents the mutually beneficial relationship and trust between the customer and the company while the larger oval surrounding both of these inner ovals represents the 'global expansion of Toyota's technology and unlimited potential for the future'. Further information:,, and Toyota sponsors several teams and has purchased naming rights for several venues, including: •, Houston, Texas •, Kennewick, Washington •, San Antonio, Texas •, Bridgeview, Illinois •, El Segundo, California •, Georgetown, Kentucky •, Frisco, Texas As of 2017, Toyota is an official sponsor of, the and the. In March 2015, Toyota became a sponsor partner for the, in the form of supplying vehicles and communications between vehicles until 2024.

Company strategy [ ]. Main article: Toyota's management philosophy has evolved from the company's origins and has been reflected in the terms ' and, which it was instrumental in developing. Toyota's managerial values and business methods are known collectively as the Toyota Way. In April 2001, Toyota adopted the 'Toyota Way 2001', an expression of values and conduct guidelines that all Toyota employees should embrace. Under the two headings of Respect for People and Continuous Improvement, Toyota summarizes its values and conduct guidelines with these five principles: • Challenge • (improvement) • Genchi genbutsu (go and see) • Respect • Teamwork According to external observers, the Toyota Way has four components: • Long-term thinking as a basis for management decisions • A process for problem-solving • Adding value to the organization by developing its people • Recognizing that continuously solving root problems drives organizational learning The Toyota Way incorporates the.

Operations [ ]. New Toyota factory in, near Sendai, Miyagi Prefecture, Japan: A month after this picture was taken, the region was devastated by the March 11 earthquake and tsunami.

The plant was only lightly damaged, but remained closed more than a month, mainly due to lack of supplies and energy, in addition to a badly damaged Sendai port. Toyota has long been recognized as an industry leader in manufacturing and production. Three stories of its origin have been found, one that they studied distribution system, one that they followed the writings of, and one that they were given the principles from a WWII US government training program (). Toyota Pavilion at the Expo in Aichi Toyota has grown from its origins in Japan during the 1930s to become a large multinational corporation. It displaced GM and became the world's largest automobile maker for the year 2008.

It held the title of the most profitable automobile maker ( US$11 billion in 2006) along with increasing sales in, among other countries, the United States. The world headquarters of Toyota are located in its home country in, Japan. Its subsidiary, sells financing and participates in other lines of business. Toyota brands include and and the corporation is part of the.

Toyota also owns 51% of, and 16.7% of, which manufactures vehicles. They also acquired 5.9% of on November 7, 2006, and will be introducing Isuzu diesel technology into their products. Toyota has introduced new technologies, including one of the first mass-produced gasoline-electric vehicles, of which it says it has sold 2 million globally as of 2010, (automatic parking), a four-speed electronically controlled automatic with buttons for power and economy shifting, and an eight-speed automatic transmission. Toyota, and Toyota-produced and automobiles, consistently rank near the top in certain and reliability surveys, primarily J.D.

Power and although they led in automobile recalls for the first time in 2009. In 2005, Toyota, combined with its half-owned subsidiary, produced 8.54 million vehicles, about 500,000 fewer than the number produced by GM that year. Toyota has a large market share in the United States, but a small market share in Europe. It also sells vehicles in Africa and is a market leader in Australia. Due to its subsidiary, it has significant market shares in several fast-growing Southeast Asian countries. According to the 2008, Toyota is the fifth largest company in the world.

Since the recession of 2001, it has gained market share in the United States. Toyota's market share struggles in Europe where its Lexus brand has 0.3% market share, compared to nearly 2% market share as the US luxury segment leader. In the first three months of 2007, Toyota together with its half-owned subsidiary Daihatsu reported number one sales of 2.348 million units.

Toyota's brand sales had risen 9.2% largely on demand for Corolla and Camry sedans. The difference in performance was largely attributed to surging demand for fuel-efficient vehicles.

In November 2006, added a facility in. Toyota has experienced quality problems and was reprimanded by the government in Japan for its recall practices. In 2007, Toyota maintained over 16% of the US market share and was listed second only to GM in terms of volume. Is the of the, namely for the current. Toyota was hit by the as it was forced in December 2008 to forecast its first annual loss in 70 years.

In January 2009, it announced the closure of all of its Japanese plants for 11 days to reduce output and stocks of unsold vehicles. Akio Toyoda became the new president and CEO of the company on June 23, 2009, by replacing Katsuaki Watanabe, who became the new by replacing. Worldwide presence [ ]. The is assembled in several facilities around the world including Australia, China, Taiwan, Japan, Malaysia, the Philippines, Russia, Thailand, India, Vietnam, and the United States Toyota in most parts of the world, manufacturing or assembling vehicles for local markets in Japan, Australia, India, Sri Lanka, Canada, Indonesia, Poland, South Africa, Turkey, Colombia, the United Kingdom, the United States, France, Brazil, Portugal, and more recently, Argentina, Czech Republic, Mexico, Malaysia, Thailand, Pakistan, Egypt, China, Vietnam, Venezuela, the Philippines, and Russia. Toyota's net revenue by geographical regions for the year ended March 31, 2007: Geographic region Total sales ( Yen in millions) Japan 8,152,884 North America 8,771,495 Europe 3,346,013 Asia 1,969,957 Others 1,707,742. The is one of the vehicles designed as part of the IIMV project. In 2002, Toyota initiated the Innovative International Multi-purpose Vehicle project (IIMV) to optimize global manufacturing and supply systems for pickup trucks and multipurpose vehicles, and to satisfy market demand in more than 140 countries worldwide.

IIMV called for diesel engines to be made in Thailand, gasoline engines in Indonesia, and manual transmissions in India and the Philippines, for supply to the countries charged with vehicle production. For vehicle assembly, Toyota would use plants in Thailand, Indonesia, Argentina, and South Africa. These four main IIMV production and export bases supply Asia, Europe, Africa, Oceania, Latin America, and the Middle East with three vehicles: The, the, and the. North America [ ]. Main article: headquarters is located in, and operates as a in North America. Its manufacturing headquarters is located in, and is known as. Has been in production in Canada since 1983 with an aluminium wheel plant in, which currently employs a workforce of roughly 260.

Its first vehicle assembly plant, in, since 1988, now produces compact cars, crossover vehicles, and luxury SUVs, with a workforce of 4,300 workers. Its second assembly operation in, began manufacturing the late in 2008. In 2006, Toyota's subsidiary opened a heavy duty truck plant, also in Woodstock, employing 45 people and producing 2000 trucks annually. Toyota Technical Center, Toyota has a large presence in the United States with six major assembly plants in,,, San Antonio, Texas,, and Blue Springs, Mississippi. Toyota had a joint-venture operation with General Motors at in, which began in 1984 and ended in 2009. It still has a joint venture with Subaru at in, which started in 2006.

In these assembly plants, the and the are manufactured, among others. Toyota marketing, sales, and distribution in the US are conducted through a separate subsidiary, It has started producing larger trucks, such as the new Tundra, to go after the large truck market in the United States. Toyota is also pushing vehicles in the US such as the Prius, Camry Hybrid, Highlander Hybrid, and various Lexus products. Currently, Toyota has no plans to offer diesel motor options in its North American products, including the light-duty pickup trucks.

Main articles:,, and Toyota is the world's market leader in sales of, one of the largest companies to encourage the mass-market adoption of hybrid vehicles across the globe, and the first to commercially mass-produce and sell such vehicles, with the introduction of the in 1997. The company eventually began providing this option on its main passenger cars such as and later with the divisions, producing some hybrid luxury vehicles. It labeled such technology in Toyota cars as ' Hybrid Synergy Drive' and in Lexus versions as ' Lexus Hybrid Drive'. Cumulative global sales of Toyota and Lexus hybrid passenger car models passed the 10 million milestone in January 2017. Its is the world's top-selling hybrid with more than 6 million units sold worldwide as of January 2017. The, flagship of Toyota's hybrid technology, is the world's best-selling hybrid car with almost 4 million units sold as of January 2017.

As of January 2017, Toyota Motor Corporation sells 33 Toyota and Lexus hybrid passenger car models and one in over 90 countries and regions around the world, and the carmaker expects to achieve annual sales of 1.5 million units, and cumulative sales of 15 million units by 2020. The liftback is the world's top selling hybrid gasoline-electric car, its sales achieved the 3 million unit milestone in June 2013, and cumulative sales since 1997 totaled 3,984,600 units at the end of January 2017.

The Prius liftback ranks as the top selling hybrid car in the U.S. Market, and passed the 1 million milestone in April 2011. Cumulative sales of the Prius in Japan reached the 1 million mark in August 2011.

As of January 2017, sales of the Prius liftback totaled over 1.8 million units in Japan and 1.75 million in the United States. Cumulative TMC hybrid sales since the Prius introduction in Europe in 2000 passed the 1 million unit milestone in November 2015. Worldwide sales of hybrid vehicles produced by Toyota reached 1 million vehicles by May 31, 2007, and the 2 million mark was reached by August 2009, with hybrids sold in 50 countries.

The 5 million hybrid sales milestone was reached in March 2013. During 2012, Toyota and Lexus hybrid models sold more than 1 million units a year for the first time, with 1.219 million units sold. During 2013, TMC sold 1.279 million units, and the 6 million sales milestone was achieved in December 2013, just nine months after its latest million unit milestone. The 7 million sales mark was reached in September 2014, again, selling one million hybrids in nine months, and the 8 million sales milestone was achieved in July 2015, just 10 months after the previous million-unit milestone. The 9 million sales mark was reached in April 2016, again, selling one million hybrids in just nine months, and the 10 million milestone in January 2017, one more time nine months later. Toyota estimates that up to January 31, 2017, its hybrids have saved about 7.66 billion U.S. Gallons of gasoline (29 billion liters) compared to the amount used by gasoline-powered vehicles of similar size, and have emitted approximately 77 million fewer tons of than would have been emitted by gasoline-powered vehicles of similar size and driving performance.

The is the second spin-off of the, and the second most sold TMC hybrid after the Prius liftback, with almost 1.38 million units sold as of January 2017. As of April 2016, besides the four Prius liftback generations, Toyota's hybrid lineup includes the,,, (Kluger Hybrid in Japan),,, (Europe only), and the following models sold only in Japan: /Vellfire Hybrid,,,,, Toyota Crown Mild Hybrid,,,,,,,, and. Beginning in 2011, TMC introduced three new members to the, the (Prius α in Japan and Prius + in Europe), the (Toyota Aqua in Japan), and the, released in 2012 in Japan, the U.S., and Europe. With a total of 247,230 vehicles sold during the first quarter of 2012, the Toyota Prius family became the third top selling in the world in terms of total global sales after the (300,800 units) and the (277,000 units). Until September 2012, the Prius liftback was the top selling new car in Japan for 16 months in a row, until it was surpassed by the Toyota Aqua (Prius c) in October 2012.

With 266,567 units sold in Japan in 2012, the Aqua is considered the most successful nameplate launch in the Japanese market in the last 20 years. The is the top selling hybrid of the Lexus brand with global sales of 363,000 units as of January 2017. The Prius c/Aqua model, with global sales of 1,380,100 units through January 2017, is TMC's second best-selling hybrid after the Prius liftback, followed the Prius α/v/+ with 671,200 units, and the two generations of the Camry Hybrid, with 614,700 units sold worldwide, all through January 2017. For both Prius family variants, Japan is the top selling market while the U.S. Is the top-selling Camry market. Ranking next is the Auris with 378,000 units sold, with Europe as the top market with 354,600 units sold.

Also has their own hybrid lineup, and as of August 2015, consist of the,,,,,,,, and. Global cumulative sales of Lexus brand hybrids reached the 500 thousand mark in November 2012. The 1 million sales milestone was achieved in March 2016. The Lexus RX 400h/RX 450h ranks as the top selling Lexus hybrid with 363,000 units delivered worldwide as of January 2017, followed by the Lexus CT 200h with 290,800 units, and the Lexus ES 300h with 143,200 units.

Plug-in hybrids [ ]. First generation Toyota's plug-in hybrid electric vehicle project began in 2007, with road trials of the prototype vehicle in France and the UK in 2008. Toyota made 600 Prius plug-in demonstration vehicles for lease to fleet and government customers. 230 were delivered in Japan beginning in late December 2009, 125 models released in the U.S. By early 2010, and 200 units in 18 European countries in 2010. France, the UK, and Germany had the largest fleets with 150 PHEVs. Canada, China, Australia, and New Zealand also participated in the global demonstration program.

The production version of the was released in Japan in January 2012, followed by the United States in late February, and deliveries in Europe began in late June 2012. As of April 2016, global sales totaled 75,400 Prius PHVs since 2012, with North America as the leading regional market with 42,700 units, followed by Japan with about 22,100 units, Europe with 10,500 units, and only about 100 units in the rest of the world. The United States is the country market leader with 42,320 units delivered through April 2016. The leading European market is the Netherlands with 4,134 units registered as of 30 November 2015.

During its first year in the market, a total of 27,279 Prius PHVs were sold worldwide, allowing the plug-in version to rank as the second most sold for 2012. Accounting for cumulative sales since its inception, the Prius PHV was the world's all-time third best selling plug-in electric car by December 2014.

Production of the first generation Prius Plug-in ended in June 2015. As of May 2015, the Prius Plug-in Hybrid ranked as the world's second top selling ever after the. As of April 2016, the Prius plug-in ranking among the top selling plug-in cars fell to fifth place after the and the. The second generation Prius plug-in hybrid, the, unveiled at the 2016, is expected to be released in the U.S. By the end of 2016, and, unlike the first generation model, it will be available in all 50 states. All-electric vehicles [ ].

Second generation In May 2010, Toyota launched a collaboration with to create. Toyota agreed to purchase US$50 million of Tesla common stock subsequent to the closing of Tesla's planned initial public offering. Toyota, with the assistance of Tesla, built 35 converted RAV4s (Phase Zero vehicles) for a demonstration and evaluation program that ran through 2011. The lithium metal-oxide battery and other power train components were supplied by Tesla Motors.

Four years later, Toyota, along with, began to unwind its position in Tesla. Toyota and Daimler made more than $1 bln from the investment. The was released in September 2012. The RAV4 EV was assembled at Toyota's facility in along with the regular gasoline version.

Tesla built the electric powertrain at its plant at in, and then shipped them to Canada. The RAV4 EV was sold only in California, beginning with the, /, and.

Production was limited to 2,600 units during a three-year period. As of 31 December 2015, a total of 2,340 RAV4 EVs were sold in the U.S. To retail customers. Production ended in September 2014. A prototype of the (Scion iQ EV in the US) was exhibited at the 2011.

The Scion iQ EV is the successor to the as an based on the Toyota iQ chassis. Toyota produced three generations of FT-EV concept cars, and the iQ EV is a production version of those concepts, incorporating the technological and design strengths of all three models. The exterior of the production version is based on the concept shown at the 2011. The is based on Toyota's three generations of FT-EV concept.

Shown the at the 2011. Launch of the was announced for 2012, and according to Toyota, for the initial roll-out the iQ EV would not be available to individual consumers, instead, the carmaker decided to focus on fleet customers and programs. The iQ EV was scheduled to be produced at Toyota’s Takaoka Plant in beginning in August 2012 and the initial production was planned to be limited to 600 units, with 400 staying in Japan, 100 units destined to the U.S., and the other 100 for Europe. In September 2012, Toyota announced that due to customers' concerns about range and charging time, the production of the Scion iQ (Toyota eQ in Japan) will be limited to about 100 units for special fleet use in Japan and the U.S.

The iQ EV/eQ was scheduled to be released in both countries in December 2012. Toyota I-Road in The first 30 iQ EVs were delivered in the U.S.

To the in March 2013 for use in its Zero Emission Vehicle-Network Enabled Transport (ZEV-NET) fleet. Since 2002, the ZEV-NET program has been serving the transport needs of the community with all-electric vehicles for the critical of commutes from the Irvine train station to the UC campus and local business offices. In addition, Toyota announced that is backing away from fully electric vehicles. The company's vice chairman, Takeshi Uchiyamada, said: ' The current capabilities of electric vehicles do not meet society’s needs, whether it may be the distance the cars can run, or the costs, or how it takes a long time to charge.'

Toyota's emphasis would be re-focused on the hybrid concept, and 21 new hybrid gas-electric models scheduled to be on the market by 2015. Toyota's project called (Harmonious Mobility Network), is using the, an all-electric vehicle which combines the potential of both cars and motorbikes. The project is being run in Grenoble, France; Toyota City, Japan; and also Tokyo, Japan. Hydrogen fuel-cell [ ] In 2002, Toyota began a development and demonstration program to test the, a vehicle based on the production. Toyota also built a FCHV bus based on the low-floor bus. Toyota has built several prototypes/concepts of the FCHV since 1997, including the,,,, and. The fuel cell concept car was unveiled at the 2011.

The FCV-R sedan seats four and has a stack including a 70 MPa high-pressure hydrogen tank, which can deliver a range of 435 mi (700 km) under the. Toyota said the car was planned for launch in about 2015. The fuel-cell vehicle In August 2012, Toyota announced its plans to start retail sales of a hydrogen fuel-cell in California in 2015.

Toyota expects to become a leader in this technology. The of its first hydrogen fuel cell vehicle will be exhibited at the November 2013, and in the United States at the January 2014. Toyota's first hydrogen fuel-cell vehicles to be sold commercially, the (Japanese for 'future'), was unveiled at the November 2014. In January 2015, it was announced that production of the Mirai fuel cell vehicle would increase from 700 units in 2015 to approximately 2,000 in 2016 and 3,000 in 2017. Sales in Japan began on December 15, 2014, at a price of 6,700,000 (~ US$57,400). The Japanese government plans to support the commercialization of fuel-cell vehicles with a subsidy of 2,000,000 (~ US$19,600). Retail sales in the U.S.

Began in August 2015 at a price of US$57,500 before any government incentives. Initially, the Mirai will only be available in California. The market release in Europe is slated for September 2015, and initially will be available only in the UK, Germany, and Denmark, followed by other countries in 2017. Pricing in Germany starts at €60,000 (~ US$75,140) plus (€78,540). In 2015, Toyota released 5,600 patents for free use until 2020, hoping to promote global development of hydrogen fuel-cell technology.

Toyota Tacoma Toyota first entered the market in 1947 with the that was only sold in Japan and limited Asian markets. It was followed in 1954 by the (renamed in 1959 as the ) and in 1968 by the compact. With continued refinement, the Hilux (simply known as the Pickup in some markets) became famous for being extremely durable and reliable, and many of these trucks from as early as the late 1970s are still on the road today, some with over 300,000 miles. Extended- and crew-cab versions of these small haulers were eventually added, and Toyota continues to produce them today under various names depending on the market. Riding on the success of the in the US, Toyota decided to attempt to enter the traditionally domestic-dominated full-size pickup market, introducing the for the 1993 US model year, with production ending in 1998.

While having a bed at the traditional full-size length of 8 feet, the suspension and engine characteristics were still similar to that of a compact pickup. It proved to be as economical and reliable as any typical Toyota pickup, but sales never became what Toyota brass had hoped for. It was criticized as being too small to appeal to the traditional American full-size pickup buyer. Another popular full-size truck essential, a V8 engine, was never available.

Additionally, the truck was at first only available as a regular cab, though Toyota addressed this shortcoming and added the Xtracab version in mid-1995. In 1999 for the 2000 model year, Toyota replaced the T100 with the larger.

The Tundra addressed criticisms that the T100 did not have the look and feel of a legitimate American-style full-size pickup. It also added the V8 engine that the T100 was criticized for not having. However, the Tundra still came up short in towing capacity as well as still feeling slightly carlike. These concerns were addressed with an even larger 2007 redesign. A stronger V6 and a second V8 engine among other things were added to the option list. As of early 2010, the Tundra has captured 16% of the full-size half-ton market in the US.

[ ] The all-new Tundra was assembled in, US. Toyota assembled around 150,000 Standard and Double Cabs, and only 70,000 Crew Max's in 2007. The smaller Tacoma (which traces its roots back to the original Hilux) was also produced at the company's San Antonio facility. Outside the United States, Toyota produced the in Standard and Double Cab, gasoline and diesel engine, and 2WD and 4WD versions.

The BBC's Top Gear TV show featured two episodes of a Hilux that was deemed 'virtually indestructible'. Luxury-type vehicles [ ]. Main articles: and Toyota has been involved in many global motorsports series. They also represent their Lexus brand in other racing categories. Toyota also makes engines and other auto parts for other Japanese motorsports including,,, and formula Toyota series. Toyota also runs a driver development programme known as the, which they made for funding and educating future Japanese motorsports talent., with headquarters in, Germany, has been responsible for Toyota's major motorsports development including, the, the, and most recently the. Toyota enjoyed success in all these motorsports categories.

In, Toyota entered Formula One as and engine supplier; however, despite having experienced drivers and a larger budget than many other teams, they failed to match their success in other categories, with five second-place finishes as their best results. On November 4, 2009, Toyota announced they were pulling out of the sport due to the global economic situation.

Toyota's nationwide driver hunt of drivers for Etios Motor Racing Series ended up with selection of 25 drivers, who will participate in the race in 2013. TRD [ ] (TRD) was brought about to help develop true high-performance racing parts for many Toyota vehicles. TRD has often had much success with their aftermarket tuning parts, as well as designing technology for vehicles used in all forms of racing. TRD is also responsible for Toyota's involvement in motorsports. [ ] TRD also made Lexus's performance division 'F-Sport'.

Nonautomotive activities [ ] Aerospace [ ] Toyota is a minority shareholder in, having invested US$67.2 million in the new venture which will produce the, slated for first deliveries in 2017. Toyota has also studied participation in the market and contracted with to produce a aircraft, the, in 2002. Philanthropy [ ]. The Toyota Municipal Museum of Art in Aichi, sponsored by the manufacturer Toyota supports a variety of philanthropic work in areas such as education, conservation, safety, and disaster relief. Some of the organizations that Toyota has worked with in the US include the, the, Leaders in Environmental Action for the Future (LEAF), and the.

The Toyota USA Foundation exists to support education in the areas of science, technology, engineering, and mathematics. In addition, Toyota works with nonprofits to improve their processes and operations such as the. Toyota also supports a variety of work in Japan. The Toyota Foundation takes a global perspective providing grants in the three areas of human and natural environments, social welfare, and education and culture.

Higher education [ ] Toyota established the in 1981, as Sakichi Toyoda had planned to establish a university as soon as he and Toyota became successful. Toyota Technological Institute founded the in 2003.

Toyota is supporter of the Toyota Driving Expectations Program, Toyota Youth for Understanding Summer Exchange Scholarship Program, Toyota International Teacher Program, Toyota TAPESTRY, Toyota Community Scholars (scholarship for high school students), United States Hispanic Chamber of Commerce Internship Program, and Toyota Funded Scholarship. Autocad 2015 Serial Number And Product Key Generator there. It has contributed to a number of local education and scholarship programs for the,, and others. Robotics [ ]. Toyota trumpet-playing robot In 2004, Toyota showcased its trumpet-playing robot.

Toyota has been developing multitask robots destined for, manufacturing, and entertainment. A specific example of Toyota's involvement in robotics for the elderly is the Brain Machine Interface. Designed for use with wheelchairs, it 'allows a person to control an electric wheelchair accurately, almost in real-time', with his or her mind. The thought controls allow the wheelchair to go left, right, and forward with a delay between thought and movement of just 125 milliseconds. Toyota also played a part in the development of, a ' '.

Agricultural biotechnology [ ] Toyota invests in several small start-up businesses and partnerships in, including: • P.T. Toyota Bio Indonesia in, Indonesia • Australian Afforestation Pty. In Western Australia and Southern Australia • Toyota Floritech Co., Ltd. In,, • Sichuan Toyota Nitan Development Co., Ltd. In, China • in, Sewing machine technology [ ] Toyota developed an -style sewing machine called the Oekaki Renaissance, which, like others of its type, is designed to allow the user to be able to draw ideas directly onto fabric using the art of free-motion embroidery. Environmental record [ ] Toyota has been a leader in environmentally friendly vehicle technologies, most notably the (produced from 1997 to 2003, then 2012 to present) and the (1997 to present).

Toyota implemented its fifth Environmental Action Plan in 2005. The plan contains four major themes involving the environment and the corporation's development, design, production, and sales. The five-year plan is directed at the, 'arrival of a revitalized recycling and reduction based society'. Toyota had previously released its Eco-Vehicle Assessment System (Eco-VAS) which is a systematic of the effect a vehicle will have on the environment including production, usage, and disposal. Download Maxwell Sv Software Engineering. The assessment includes, '. Fuel efficiency, emissions and noise during vehicle use, the disposal recovery rate, the reduction of substances of environmental concern, and throughout the life cycle of the vehicle from production to disposal.' 2008 marks the ninth year for Toyota's Environmental Activities Grant Program which has been implemented every year since 2001.

Themes of the 2008 program consist of 'Global Warming Countermeasures' and 'Biodiversity Conservation.' Since October 2006, Toyota's new Japanese-market vehicle models with automatic transmissions are equipped with an Eco Drive Indicator. The system takes into consideration rate of acceleration, engine and transmission efficiency, and speed. When the vehicle is operated in a fuel-efficient manner, the Eco Drive Indicator on the instrument panel lights up.

Individual results vary depending on traffic issues, starting and stopping the vehicle, and total distance traveled, but the Eco Drive Indicator may improve fuel efficiency by as much as 4%. Along with Toyota's eco-friendly objectives on production and use, the company plans to donate US$1 million and five vehicles to the Everglades National Park. The money will be used to fund environmental programs at the park.

This donation is part of a program which provides US$5 million and 23 vehicles for five national parks and the National Parks Foundation. However, new figures from the show that the continuing hidden health costs of the auto industry to the US economy in 2005 amounted to US$56 million. The United States EPA has awarded Toyota Motor Engineering & Manufacturing North America, Inc. (TEMA) with an ENERGY STAR Sustained Excellence Award in 2007, 2008, and 2009. In 2016, Toyota was recognized as the top company on the Carbon Clean 200 list of the world's largest clean energy companies.

In 2007, Toyota's (CAFE) fleet average of 26.69 mpg ‑US (8.81 L/100 km; 32.05 mpg ‑imp) exceeded all other major manufacturers selling cars within the United States. Only, which sold the and (powered by Toyota's engine), did better with an average of 30.2 mpg ‑US (7.8 L/100 km; 36.3 mpg ‑imp).